XB-ART-51812
Semin Cell Dev Biol
2016 Mar 01;51:92-105. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.02.001.
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Frogs as integrative models for understanding digestive organ development and evolution.
Womble M
,
Pickett M
,
Nascone-Yoder N
.
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The digestive system comprises numerous cells, tissues and organs that are essential for the proper assimilation of nutrients and energy. Many aspects of digestive organ function are highly conserved among vertebrates, yet the final anatomical configuration of the gut varies widely between species, especially those with different diets. Improved understanding of the complex molecular and cellular events that orchestrate digestive organ development is pertinent to many areas of biology and medicine, including the regeneration or replacement of diseased organs, the etiology of digestive organ birth defects, and the evolution of specialized features of digestive anatomy. In this review, we highlight specific examples of how investigations using Xenopus laevis frog embryos have revealed insight into the molecular and cellular dynamics of digestive organ patterning and morphogenesis that would have been difficult to obtain in other animal models. Additionally, we discuss recent studies of gut development in non-model frog species with unique feeding strategies, such as Lepidobatrachus laevis and Eleutherodactylous coqui, which are beginning to provide glimpses of the evolutionary mechanisms that may generate morphological variation in the digestive tract. The unparalleled experimental versatility of frog embryos make them excellent, integrative models for studying digestive organ development across multiple disciplines.
???displayArticle.pubmedLink??? 26851628
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???displayArticle.grants??? [+]
R01 DK085300 NIDDK NIH HHS , R21 OD017963 NIH HHS , R01DK085300 NIDDK NIH HHS , R21OD017963 NIH HHS , T35 OD011070 NIH HHS
Species referenced: Xenopus laevis
Genes referenced: fgf4 foxf1 fzd7 mapk8 rara rock1 sfrp5 shh wnt1
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