Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Differentiated cells do not revert to an embryonic state in normal development. However, the method called nuclear reprogramming enables these differentiated cells to be reversed to an embryonic state. One essential event in the reprogramming process is reactivation of embryonic genes such as Oct4 (also known as Pou5f1). This reprogramming of transcriptional programs can be achieved by transplantation of mammalian somatic nuclei to the giant Xenopus laevis oocytenucleus, referred to as the germinal vesicle (GV). Factors and mechanisms responsible for this transcriptional reprogramming have not been elucidated. Recently, we have found that a polymerized form of actin is abundantly present in nuclei transplanted into the Xenopus oocytenucleus and plays an important role in transcriptional reactivation of Oct4. This study emphasizes a significant contribution of nuclear actin in transcriptional activation. Here, we discuss possible roles of nuclear actin in Xenopus oocytes and in other cell types in the context of transcriptional activation.
Bhutani,
Reprogramming towards pluripotency requires AID-dependent DNA demethylation.
2010, Pubmed
Bhutani,
Reprogramming towards pluripotency requires AID-dependent DNA demethylation.
2010,
Pubmed
Bohnsack,
A selective block of nuclear actin export stabilizes the giant nuclei of Xenopus oocytes.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Byrne,
Nuclei of adult mammalian somatic cells are directly reprogrammed to oct-4 stem cell gene expression by amphibian oocytes.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Chuang,
Long-range directional movement of an interphase chromosome site.
2006,
Pubmed
Clark,
Diffusible and bound actin nuclei of Xenopus laevis oocytes.
1977,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Dundr,
Actin-dependent intranuclear repositioning of an active gene locus in vivo.
2007,
Pubmed
Ferrai,
Induction of HoxB transcription by retinoic acid requires actin polymerization.
2009,
Pubmed
GURDON,
Sexually mature individuals of Xenopus laevis from the transplantation of single somatic nuclei.
1958,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Gall,
Structure in the amphibian germinal vesicle.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Gieni,
Actin dynamics and functions in the interphase nucleus: moving toward an understanding of nuclear polymeric actin.
2009,
Pubmed
Halley-Stott,
Mammalian nuclear transplantation to Germinal Vesicle stage Xenopus oocytes - a method for quantitative transcriptional reprogramming.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Huang,
Coronin 2A mediates actin-dependent de-repression of inflammatory response genes.
2011,
Pubmed
Jullien,
Characterization of somatic cell nuclear reprogramming by oocytes in which a linker histone is required for pluripotency gene reactivation.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kim,
Epigenetic memory in induced pluripotent stem cells.
2010,
Pubmed
Koziol,
Tpt1 activates transcription of oct4 and nanog in transplanted somatic nuclei.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Miyamoto,
Nuclear actin polymerization is required for transcriptional reprogramming of Oct4 by oocytes.
2011,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Pereira,
ESCs require PRC2 to direct the successful reprogramming of differentiated cells toward pluripotency.
2010,
Pubmed
Scheer,
Microinjection of actin-binding proteins and actin antibodies demonstrates involvement of nuclear actin in transcription of lampbrush chromosomes.
1984,
Pubmed
Simonsson,
DNA demethylation is necessary for the epigenetic reprogramming of somatic cell nuclei.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Tada,
Nuclear reprogramming of somatic cells by in vitro hybridization with ES cells.
2001,
Pubmed
Takahashi,
Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors.
2006,
Pubmed
Taylor,
Nuclear role of WASp in the pathogenesis of dysregulated TH1 immunity in human Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome.
2010,
Pubmed
Visa,
Nuclear functions of actin.
2010,
Pubmed
Wilmut,
Viable offspring derived from fetal and adult mammalian cells.
1997,
Pubmed
Xu,
Nuclear translocation of beta-actin is involved in transcriptional regulation during macrophage differentiation of HL-60 cells.
2010,
Pubmed
Zhao,
Rapid and phosphoinositol-dependent binding of the SWI/SNF-like BAF complex to chromatin after T lymphocyte receptor signaling.
1998,
Pubmed
