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Semin Cell Dev Biol
2000 Oct 01;115:337-42. doi: 10.1006/scdb.2000.0186.
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Potential roles for RUNX1 and its orthologs in determining hematopoietic cell fate.
Tracey WD
,
Speck NA
.
???displayArticle.abstract??? Runx1 (also known as AML1, Cbfa2 and Pebpa2b) and Cbfb encode a DNA-binding alpha subunit and the non-DNA-binding beta subunit of a mammalian core-binding factor (CBF). The discovery of RUNX1 and CBFB as genes rearranged in human leukemias prompted predictions that both genes would play important roles in normal hematopoiesis. These predictions were borne out, as indeed Runx1 and its Xenopus and Drosophila homologs, Xaml and lozenge (lz), appear to determine hematopoietic cell fate during development. We will review what is known about Runx1 function in hematopoiesis in three model organisms, mouse, frog and fly, focusing on the earliest events of hematopoietic cell emergence in the embryo.
Figure 3. Hematopoietic in Xenopus embryos. (a) The origins
of hematopoietic precursors in Xenopus have been analyzed
by diploid/triploid transplantation experiments. Regions of a
diploid donor organism are transplanted to a triploid host at
early stages of development. At the free living larval stage the
host is analyzed for contributions of the transplant to definitive
(thymocytes) or primitive (circulating) blood. The exact results
of a given transplantation experiment are correlated with the
stage at which it is performed. At stages 14/15 a large proportion
of definitive and primitive precursors are located in the blood
island system.33 At stage 22 definitive precursors are located in
the dorsal lateral plate.31, 32 Embryonic circulation begins much
later, at stage 28–29. (b) Early Xaml expression is in the anterior
ventral blood island (AVBI).30 The anterior ventral blood island
is derived from the dorsal marginal zone (blastomeres C1
and D1).37 Ventrally derived Xaml expression in the posterior
ventral blood island (PVBI) is shown in blue.30 The posterior
ventral blood island is formed from the D4 blastomere.37 The
dorsal lateral plate (DLP) region (stage 22) and the intra-aortic
hematopoietic clusters in the dorsal aorta (stage 43, not shown)
are derived from the C3 blastomere.37 AP, animal pole; VP,
vegetal pole.
