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XB-ART-60189
Dev Dyn 2023 Dec 01;25212:1407-1427. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.648.
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The sulfotransferase XB5850668.L is required to apportion embryonic ectodermal domains.

Marchak A , Neilson KM , Majumdar HD , Yamauchi K , Klein SL , Moody SA .


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BACKGROUND: Members of the sulfotransferase superfamily (SULT) influence the activity of a wide range of hormones, neurotransmitters, metabolites and xenobiotics. However, their roles in developmental processes are not well characterized even though they are expressed during embryogenesis. We previously found in a microarray screen that Six1 up-regulates LOC100037047, which encodes XB5850668.L, an uncharacterized sulfotransferase. RESULTS: Since Six1 is required for patterning the embryonic ectoderm into its neural plate, neural crest, preplacodal and epidermal domains, we used loss- and gain-of function assays to characterize the role of XB5850668.L during this process. Knockdown of endogenous XB5850668.L resulted in the reduction of epidermal, neural crest, cranial placode and otic vesicle gene expression domains, concomitant with neural plate expansion. Increased levels had minimal effects, but infrequently expanded neural plate and neural crest gene domains, and infrequently reduced cranial placode and otic vesicle gene domains. Mutation of two key amino acids in the sulfotransferase catalytic domain required for PAPS binding and enzymatic activity tended to reduce the effects of overexpressing the wild-type protein. CONCLUSIONS: Our analyses indicates that XB5850668.L is a member of the SULT2 family that plays important roles in patterning the embryonic ectoderm. Some aspects of its influence likely depend on sulfotransferase activity.

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Species referenced: Xenopus tropicalis Xenopus laevis
Genes referenced: dlx5 eya2 foxd3 ids irx1 msx1 pax2 pax3 six1 sox11 sox2 sox9 sult2a1 sult2b1 tbx1 tfap2a XB5850668
GO keywords: gastrulation [+]
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References [+] :
Acampora, Craniofacial, vestibular and bone defects in mice lacking the Distal-less-related gene Dlx5. 1999, Pubmed