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Aging (Albany NY)
2021 Jan 19;132:1718-1728. doi: 10.18632/aging.202533.
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Effects of alpha-cyclodextrin on water transport, cell hydration and longevity.
Szente L
,
Puskás I
,
Vellai T
,
Lohmann H
.
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Among parent cyclodextrins (CDs), alpha-CD (a-CD) has been utilized in a number of nutraceutical products, and approved as a dietary fiber to affect glycemic response and reduce dietary fat absorption. To extend our current knowledge on the biology of this natural carbohydrate, here we investigated its potential effects on cellular water uptake and aging. Two independent in vivo biological test systems were used, a single cell Xenopus oocyte with expressed human aquaporin for cell hydration studies and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans for testing life span in the treated animals. a-CD was found to enhance water uptake through aquaporins of oocytes. Furthermore, the compound promoted longevity in C. elegans. Together, these results raise a rational for assaying a-CD as a potent drug candidate in treating various age-related diseases.
Figure 1. Xenopus oocyte chamber with 6 oocytes (blue spheres) with different swelling and a calibration oocyte on the right of the photo.
Figure 2. Photographs of Xenopus oocyte chambers of 6 a-CD treated oocytes with different swelling due to water permeation into the cells and rupture of oocyte due to high volume expansion by water uptake. Photos were taken at increasing time points of treatment. The control un-swollen small oocyte is on the righthand site of each photo.
Figure 3. The normalized osmotic water permeability (PF values) of aquaporin expressed oocytes at 40 sec.
application of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 w/v% a-CD solutions vs. water control treatment. T-Test results against water control: ACD 0.05% (P=0.11 n.s.), ACD 0.1% (P<0.0001 ***) ACD 0.5%: (P=0.17 n.s.).
Figure 4. a-CD treatment can extend life span in C. elegans. (A) Kaplan-Meyer lifespan curve of control (untreated – blue curve) vs. a-CD-treated (0.05 w/v% - orange curve, 0.5 w/v% - green curve) animals. Animals treated with 0.05 w/v% a-CD live longer by 2 days on average than control. Both mean and maximum life spans become longer in response to treatment (see Supplementary Tables 1, 2). A higher concentration of a-CD (0.5 w/v%), however, does not lead to a longevity response. (B) a-CD at a working concentration of 0.1 w/v% slightly influences C. elegans life span. Kaplan-Meyer lifespan curves are shown. For statistics, see Supplementary Tables 1, 2.
Figure 5. a-CD extends C. elegans mean life span. Mean life span of nematodes treated with 0.05, 0.50 w/v% (A) and 0.10 w/v% (B) a-CD-containing water samples.
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