Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Figure 1. Loss of Cd63 in the neural ectoderm caused defects in eye morphogenesis: A Expression pattern of cd63 during tailbud stages. Enrichment of transcripts in the TNC of st. 25 (white arrowheads). At st. 30, cd63 was additionally detected in eyes and cement gland. Transversal sections highlighted signals in the eyes, headmesenchyme, brain, premigratory TNC, dorsal finmesenchyme, medially and laterally migrating TNC cells (black arrowheads). cd63 sense control specimen of st. 29 did not show any signal. B Knockdown of cd63 in one dorsal animal blastomere resulted in impaired eye development, which was rescued by co-injection of cd63 mRNA. Sections illustrated normal eye structures in control and rescue specimen, whereas morphant embryos depicted disturbed optic cup formation on the injected side. Quantification of eye phenotypes illustrates significance of the effect. C Unilateral loss of cd63 in the eye field lineage revealed altered expression pattern of otx2 in neurula and later tailbud stages. At neurulation, otx2 showed no reduction in intensity but indicated alterations of the targeted eye vesicle (black arrowhead). Sections revealed defects in medialforebrain closure and lateral optic vesicle formation. In tailbud stages, loss of cd63 resulted in partial reduction of eye tissues (black arrowhead) compared to matching controls. Both effects were reduced by co-injection of cd63 mRNA (white arrowheads). D cd63 TBMO injection did not block TNC migration or dct expression in eyes or melanophores of unilateral morphants. Sections revealed massively impaired formation of eyetissue (black arrowhead) compared to WT eyes of controls. Asterisks mark the injected side. a, anterior; co, control; d, dorsal; p, posterior; TBMO, translation blocking Morpholino oligomer; TNC, trunk neural crest; st., stage; v, ventral; wt, wild type.
Basrur,
Proteomic analysis of early melanosomes: identification of novel melanosomal proteins.
2003, Pubmed
Basrur,
Proteomic analysis of early melanosomes: identification of novel melanosomal proteins.
2003,
Pubmed
Collazo,
Vital dye labelling of Xenopus laevis trunk neural crest reveals multipotency and novel pathways of migration.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Jang,
A decrease in the expression of CD63 tetraspanin protein elevates invasive potential of human melanoma cells.
2003,
Pubmed
Kumasaka,
Isolation and developmental expression of tyrosinase family genes in Xenopus laevis.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Lee,
XRab40 and XCullin5 form a ubiquitin ligase complex essential for the noncanonical Wnt pathway.
2007,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Lopes,
Melanosome maturation defect in Rab38-deficient retinal pigment epithelium results in instability of immature melanosomes during transient melanogenesis.
2007,
Pubmed
Lupia,
CD63 tetraspanin is a negative driver of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in human melanoma cells.
2014,
Pubmed
Martinez-Morales,
ojoplano-mediated basal constriction is essential for optic cup morphogenesis.
2009,
Pubmed
Piper,
Biogenesis and function of multivesicular bodies.
2007,
Pubmed
Pols,
Trafficking and function of the tetraspanin CD63.
2009,
Pubmed
Radford,
Regulation of tumor cell motility and migration by CD63 in a human melanoma cell line.
1997,
Pubmed
Raposo,
Melanosomes--dark organelles enlighten endosomal membrane transport.
2007,
Pubmed
Simons,
Exosomes--vesicular carriers for intercellular communication.
2009,
Pubmed
Sinn,
An eye on eye development.
2013,
Pubmed
Termini,
Tetraspanins Function as Regulators of Cellular Signaling.
2017,
Pubmed
van Niel,
The tetraspanin CD63 regulates ESCRT-independent and -dependent endosomal sorting during melanogenesis.
2011,
Pubmed