Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Plant Cell
2008 Oct 01;2010:2783-97. doi: 10.1105/tpc.107.056796.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
The plant TPX2 protein regulates prospindle assembly before nuclear envelope breakdown.
Vos JW
,
Pieuchot L
,
Evrard JL
,
Janski N
,
Bergdoll M
,
de Ronde D
,
Perez LH
,
Sardon T
,
Vernos I
,
Schmit AC
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
The Targeting Protein for Xklp2 (TPX2) is a central regulator of spindle assembly in vertebrate cells. The absence or excess of TPX2 inhibits spindle formation. We have defined a TPX2 signature motif that is present once in vertebrate sequences but twice in plants. Plant TPX2 is predominantly nuclear during interphase and is actively exported before nuclear envelope breakdown to initiate prospindle assembly. It localizes to the spindle microtubules but not to the interdigitating polar microtubules during anaphase or to the phragmoplast as it is rapidly degraded during telophase. We characterized the Arabidopsis thaliana TPX2-targeting domains and show that the protein is able to rescue microtubule assembly in TPX2-depleted Xenopus laevis egg extracts. Injection of antibodies to TPX2 into living plant cells inhibits the onset of mitosis. These results demonstrate that plant TPX2 already functions before nuclear envelope breakdown. Thus, plants have adapted nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of TPX2 to maintain proper spindle assembly without centrosomes.
Bayliss,
Determinants for Aurora-A activation and Aurora-B discrimination by TPX2.
2004, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Bayliss,
Determinants for Aurora-A activation and Aurora-B discrimination by TPX2.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Bayliss,
Structural basis of Aurora-A activation by TPX2 at the mitotic spindle.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Bogerd,
Protein sequence requirements for function of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Rex nuclear export signal delineated by a novel in vivo randomization-selection assay.
1996,
Pubmed
Brittle,
Centrosome maturation: Aurora lights the way to the poles.
2005,
Pubmed
Brunet,
Characterization of the TPX2 domains involved in microtubule nucleation and spindle assembly in Xenopus egg extracts.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Canaday,
Higher plant cells: gamma-tubulin and microtubule nucleation in the absence of centrosomes.
2000,
Pubmed
Carazo-Salas,
Long-range communication between chromatin and microtubules in Xenopus egg extracts.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Carazo-Salas,
Ran-GTP coordinates regulation of microtubule nucleation and dynamics during mitotic-spindle assembly.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Carrington,
Bipartite signal sequence mediates nuclear translocation of the plant potyviral NIa protein.
1991,
Pubmed
Caudron,
Spatial coordination of spindle assembly by chromosome-mediated signaling gradients.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Clarke,
Spatial and temporal coordination of mitosis by Ran GTPase.
2008,
Pubmed
DeLano,
Unraveling hot spots in binding interfaces: progress and challenges.
2002,
Pubmed
Demidov,
Identification and dynamics of two classes of aurora-like kinases in Arabidopsis and other plants.
2005,
Pubmed
Ducat,
Aurora kinases in spindle assembly and chromosome segregation.
2004,
Pubmed
Eckerdt,
Spindle pole regulation by a discrete Eg5-interacting domain in TPX2.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Erhardt,
The plant Spc98p homologue colocalizes with gamma-tubulin at microtubule nucleation sites and is required for microtubule nucleation.
2002,
Pubmed
Eudes,
A generalized analysis of hydrophobic and loop clusters within globular protein sequences.
2007,
Pubmed
Evrard,
Plant TPX2 and related proteins.
2009,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Evrard,
A novel pollen-specific alpha-tubulin in sunflower: structure and characterization.
2002,
Pubmed
Francis,
The plant cell cycle--15 years on.
2007,
Pubmed
Geelen,
A bright future for the bright yellow-2 cell culture.
2001,
Pubmed
Goodin,
pGD vectors: versatile tools for the expression of green and red fluorescent protein fusions in agroinfiltrated plant leaves.
2002,
Pubmed
Gruss,
The mechanism of spindle assembly: functions of Ran and its target TPX2.
2004,
Pubmed
Gruss,
Chromosome-induced microtubule assembly mediated by TPX2 is required for spindle formation in HeLa cells.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Gruss,
Ran induces spindle assembly by reversing the inhibitory effect of importin alpha on TPX2 activity.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Haas,
The open reading frame VI product of Cauliflower mosaic virus is a nucleocytoplasmic protein: its N terminus mediates its nuclear export and formation of electron-dense viroplasms.
2005,
Pubmed
Hellens,
pGreen: a versatile and flexible binary Ti vector for Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation.
2000,
Pubmed
Hetzer,
The Ran GTPase as a marker of chromosome position in spindle formation and nuclear envelope assembly.
2002,
Pubmed
Hyman,
Morphogenetic properties of microtubules and mitotic spindle assembly.
1996,
Pubmed
Jeong,
Plant-specific mitotic targeting of RanGAP requires a functional WPP domain.
2005,
Pubmed
Karsenti,
TPX or not TPX?
2005,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Karsenti,
The mitotic spindle: a self-made machine.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kawabe,
Characterization of plant Aurora kinases during mitosis.
2005,
Pubmed
Kufer,
Human TPX2 is required for targeting Aurora-A kinase to the spindle.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kumagai,
Three cases of canine gastrointestinal stromal tumors with multiple differentiations and c-kit-expression.
2003,
Pubmed
Laemmli,
Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4.
1970,
Pubmed
Liu,
A gamma-tubulin-related protein associated with the microtubule arrays of higher plants in a cell cycle-dependent manner.
1993,
Pubmed
Lloyd,
Not so divided: the common basis of plant and animal cell division.
2006,
Pubmed
Meier,
Composition of the plant nuclear envelope: theme and variations.
2007,
Pubmed
Murray,
Cell cycle extracts.
1991,
Pubmed
O'Brien,
TPX2 is required for postmitotic nuclear assembly in cell-free Xenopus laevis egg extracts.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Ozlü,
An essential function of the C. elegans ortholog of TPX2 is to localize activated aurora A kinase to mitotic spindles.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Perrin,
WVD2 is a novel microtubule-associated protein in Arabidopsis thaliana.
2007,
Pubmed
Rajangam,
MAP20, a microtubule-associated protein in the secondary cell walls of hybrid aspen, is a target of the cellulose synthesis inhibitor 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Sali,
Comparative protein modelling by satisfaction of spatial restraints.
1993,
Pubmed
Schatz,
Importin alpha-regulated nucleation of microtubules by TPX2.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Stewart,
Anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome controls the stability of TPX2 during mitotic exit.
2005,
Pubmed
Stoppin,
Isolated Plant Nuclei Nucleate Microtubule Assembly: The Nuclear Surface in Higher Plants Has Centrosome-like Activity.
1994,
Pubmed
Tulu,
Molecular requirements for kinetochore-associated microtubule formation in mammalian cells.
2006,
Pubmed
Van Damme,
Molecular dissection of plant cytokinesis and phragmoplast structure: a survey of GFP-tagged proteins.
2004,
Pubmed
Van der Hoorn,
Agroinfiltration is a versatile tool that facilitates comparative analyses of Avr9/Cf-9-induced and Avr4/Cf-4-induced necrosis.
2000,
Pubmed
Voinnet,
An enhanced transient expression system in plants based on suppression of gene silencing by the p19 protein of tomato bushy stunt virus.
2003,
Pubmed
Vos,
Methods for studying cell division in higher plants.
1999,
Pubmed
Vos,
The kinesin-like calmodulin binding protein is differentially involved in cell division.
2000,
Pubmed
Vos,
Microtubules become more dynamic but not shorter during preprophase band formation: a possible "search-and-capture" mechanism for microtubule translocation.
2004,
Pubmed
Walczak,
A model for the proposed roles of different microtubule-based motor proteins in establishing spindle bipolarity.
,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Wittmann,
TPX2, A novel xenopus MAP involved in spindle pole organization.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Yuen,
WVD2 and WDL1 modulate helical organ growth and anisotropic cell expansion in Arabidopsis.
2003,
Pubmed
Zhao,
Identification and characterization of the Arabidopsis orthologs of nuclear transport factor 2, the nuclear import factor of ran.
2006,
Pubmed
