Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
EMBO J
2004 Aug 04;2315:3113-21. doi: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600308.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Phosphorylation and activation of Bub1 on unattached chromosomes facilitate the spindle checkpoint.
Chen RH
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
The spindle checkpoint inhibits anaphase until all kinetochores have attached properly to spindle microtubules. The protein kinase Bub1 is an essential checkpoint component that resides at kinetochores during mitosis. It is shown herein that Xenopus Bub1 becomes hyperphosphorylated and the kinase is activated on unattached chromosomes. MAP kinase (MAPK) contributes to this phosphorylation, as inhibiting MAPK or altering MAPK consensus sites in Bub1 to alanine or valine (Bub1(5AV)) abolishes the phosphorylation and activation on chromosomes. Both Bub1 and Bub1(5AV) support the checkpoint under an optimal condition for spindle checkpoint activation. However, Bub1, but not Bub1(5AV), supports the checkpoint at a relatively low concentration of nuclei or the microtubule inhibitor nocodazole. Similar to Bub1(5AV), Bub1 without the kinase domain (Bub1(deltaKD)) is also partially compromised in its checkpoint function and in its ability to recruit other checkpoint proteins to kinetochores. This study suggests that activation of Bub1 at kinetochores enhances the efficiency of the spindle checkpoint and is probably important in maintaining the checkpoint toward late prometaphase when the cell contains only a few or a single unattached kinetochore.
Abrieu,
Mps1 is a kinetochore-associated kinase essential for the vertebrate mitotic checkpoint.
2001, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Abrieu,
Mps1 is a kinetochore-associated kinase essential for the vertebrate mitotic checkpoint.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Basu,
Localization of the Drosophila checkpoint control protein Bub3 to the kinetochore requires Bub1 but not Zw10 or Rod.
1998,
Pubmed
Chan,
Human BUBR1 is a mitotic checkpoint kinase that monitors CENP-E functions at kinetochores and binds the cyclosome/APC.
1999,
Pubmed
Chen,
BubR1 is essential for kinetochore localization of other spindle checkpoint proteins and its phosphorylation requires Mad1.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Chen,
Association of spindle assembly checkpoint component XMAD2 with unattached kinetochores.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Chen,
Spindle checkpoint protein Xmad1 recruits Xmad2 to unattached kinetochores.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Chung,
Spindle checkpoint requires Mad1-bound and Mad1-free Mad2.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Chung,
Phosphorylation of Cdc20 is required for its inhibition by the spindle checkpoint.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Cleveland,
Centromeres and kinetochores: from epigenetics to mitotic checkpoint signaling.
2003,
Pubmed
Farr,
Bub1p kinase activates the Saccharomyces cerevisiae spindle assembly checkpoint.
1998,
Pubmed
Fraschini,
Bub3 interaction with Mad2, Mad3 and Cdc20 is mediated by WD40 repeats and does not require intact kinetochores.
2001,
Pubmed
Hardwick,
MAD3 encodes a novel component of the spindle checkpoint which interacts with Bub3p, Cdc20p, and Mad2p.
2000,
Pubmed
Hardwick,
Mad1p, a phosphoprotein component of the spindle assembly checkpoint in budding yeast.
1995,
Pubmed
Hardwick,
Activation of the budding yeast spindle assembly checkpoint without mitotic spindle disruption.
1996,
Pubmed
Howell,
Visualization of Mad2 dynamics at kinetochores, along spindle fibers, and at spindle poles in living cells.
2000,
Pubmed
Jablonski,
The hBUB1 and hBUBR1 kinases sequentially assemble onto kinetochores during prophase with hBUBR1 concentrating at the kinetochore plates in mitosis.
1998,
Pubmed
Kallio,
Rapid microtubule-independent dynamics of Cdc20 at kinetochores and centrosomes in mammalian cells.
2002,
Pubmed
Li,
Mitotic forces control a cell-cycle checkpoint.
1995,
Pubmed
Li,
Identification of a human mitotic checkpoint gene: hsMAD2.
1996,
Pubmed
Minshull,
A MAP kinase-dependent spindle assembly checkpoint in Xenopus egg extracts.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Peters,
The anaphase-promoting complex: proteolysis in mitosis and beyond.
2002,
Pubmed
Rieder,
The checkpoint delaying anaphase in response to chromosome monoorientation is mediated by an inhibitory signal produced by unattached kinetochores.
1995,
Pubmed
Schwab,
Bub1 is activated by the protein kinase p90(Rsk) during Xenopus oocyte maturation.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Shapiro,
Activation of the MKK/ERK pathway during somatic cell mitosis: direct interactions of active ERK with kinetochores and regulation of the mitotic 3F3/2 phosphoantigen.
1998,
Pubmed
Sharp-Baker,
Spindle checkpoint protein Bub1 is required for kinetochore localization of Mad1, Mad2, Bub3, and CENP-E, independently of its kinase activity.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Taylor,
Kinetochore localization of murine Bub1 is required for normal mitotic timing and checkpoint response to spindle damage.
1997,
Pubmed
Taylor,
The human homologue of Bub3 is required for kinetochore localization of Bub1 and a Mad3/Bub1-related protein kinase.
1998,
Pubmed
Wang,
A role for mitogen-activated protein kinase in the spindle assembly checkpoint in XTC cells.
1997,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Waters,
Localization of Mad2 to kinetochores depends on microtubule attachment, not tension.
1998,
Pubmed
Yamaguchi,
Function of Cdc2p-dependent Bub1p phosphorylation and Bub1p kinase activity in the mitotic and meiotic spindle checkpoint.
2003,
Pubmed
Zecevic,
Active MAP kinase in mitosis: localization at kinetochores and association with the motor protein CENP-E.
1998,
Pubmed
Zhang,
Identification of an overlapping binding domain on Cdc20 for Mad2 and anaphase-promoting complex: model for spindle checkpoint regulation.
2001,
Pubmed
