Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Localization of HB9 homeodomain protein and characterization of its nuclear localization signal during chick embryonic skin development.
Kosaka Y
,
Akimoto Y
,
Yokozawa K
,
Obinata A
,
Hirano H
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
We detected HB9 protein during tarsometatarsal scale skin and late feather development. Immunofluorescent analyses with N-terminal 14 amino acids antiserum revealed that HB9 was strongly expressed in epidermal basal cells of the outer scale face in tarsometatarsal scale skin. Specific expression was also detected in dermal cells at the root region of the feather and around the feather follicle. Furthermore, we observed precise distribution of HB9 protein by immunoelectron microscopy. We detected HB9 protein not only in the nucleus, but also in the cytoplasm in tarsometatarsal scale skin. However, in feather skinHB9 protein was found in the nucleus but not in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic localization of HB9 protein in tarsometatarsal scale skin was observed especially in the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. To address the mechanism of nuclear-cytoplasmic translocation, we determined the nuclear localization signal (NLS) sequences by using eukaryotic green fluorescent protein fusion protein in primary keratinocyte culture. Chick HB9 homeoprotein has two types of the NLS sequences in its homeodomain. One of them is a bipartite type as representatively found in Xenopus nucleoplasmin. The other is very similar to hexapeptide NLS sequences identified in pancreatic duodenum homeobox 1 (PDX1). These sequences functioned not only in keratinocytes but also in dermal fibroblasts. They are conserved in Xenopus, mouse, and human HB9 ortholog. These results indicate that HB9 protein might be involved in chick tarsometatarsal scale and feather development and that nuclear import of HB9 protein might be regulated by these NLS sequences in the homeodomain.
Abu-Shaar,
Control of the nuclear localization of Extradenticle by competing nuclear import and export signals.
1999, Pubmed
Abu-Shaar,
Control of the nuclear localization of Extradenticle by competing nuclear import and export signals.
1999,
Pubmed
Akimoto,
Immunohistochemical study of basement membrane reconstruction by an epidermis-dermis recombination experiment using cultured chick embryonic skin: induction of tenascin.
1992,
Pubmed
Akimoto,
Distribution of beta1 integrin during development of chick tarsometatarsal skin in vivo and in vitro.
1996,
Pubmed
Arber,
Requirement for the homeobox gene Hb9 in the consolidation of motor neuron identity.
1999,
Pubmed
Boulikas,
Putative nuclear localization signals (NLS) in protein transcription factors.
1994,
Pubmed
Bürglin,
The nuclear migration signal of Xenopus laevis nucleoplasmin.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Carrière,
Nuclear localization signals, DNA binding, and transactivation properties of quail Pax-6 (Pax-QNR) isoforms.
1995,
Pubmed
Chuong,
Gradients of homeoproteins in developing feather buds.
1990,
Pubmed
Detmer,
Expression of class I homeobox genes in fetal and adult murine skin.
1993,
Pubmed
Dubnau,
RNA recognition and translational regulation by a homeodomain protein.
1996,
Pubmed
Elrick,
Phosphorylation-dependent nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1.
2001,
Pubmed
Harrison,
A novel human homeobox gene distantly related to proboscipedia is expressed in lymphoid and pancreatic tissues.
1994,
Pubmed
Harrison,
Pancreas dorsal lobe agenesis and abnormal islets of Langerhans in Hlxb9-deficient mice.
1999,
Pubmed
Hessabi,
The homeodomain of Nkx2.2 carries two cooperatively acting nuclear localization signals.
2000,
Pubmed
Kanzler,
CHOXC-8 and CHOXD-13 expression in embryonic chick skin and cutaneous appendage specification.
1997,
Pubmed
Kennelly,
Consensus sequences as substrate specificity determinants for protein kinases and protein phosphatases.
1991,
Pubmed
Knapp,
Region-specific patterns of beta keratin expression during avian skin development.
1993,
Pubmed
Kosaka,
Localization of HB9 homeobox gene mRNA and protein during the early stages of chick feather development.
2000,
Pubmed
Kosaka,
Expression of the HB9 homeobox gene concomitant with proliferation accompanying epidermal stratification during development of chick embryonic tarsometatarsal skin.
2000,
Pubmed
Lefebvre,
Evidence of a balance between phosphorylation and O-GlcNAc glycosylation of Tau proteins--a role in nuclear localization.
2003,
Pubmed
Maizel,
Engrailed homeoprotein secretion is a regulated process.
2002,
Pubmed
Mann,
Nuclear import of the homeodomain protein extradenticle in response to Wg and Dpp signalling.
1996,
Pubmed
McBride,
Regulated nuclear import of the STAT1 transcription factor by direct binding of importin-alpha.
2002,
Pubmed
Moede,
Identification of a nuclear localization signal, RRMKWKK, in the homeodomain transcription factor PDX-1.
1999,
Pubmed
Noveen,
Homeobox genes Msx-1 and Msx-2 are associated with induction and growth of skin appendages.
1995,
Pubmed
Obinata,
Increase in expression of the homeobox gene, GBX1, in retinol-induced epidermal mucous metaplasia.
2001,
Pubmed
Obinata,
Expression of Hex homeobox gene during skin development: Increase in epidermal cell proliferation by transfecting the Hex to the dermis.
2002,
Pubmed
Pinna,
How do protein kinases recognize their substrates?
1996,
Pubmed
Rivera-Pomar,
RNA binding and translational suppression by bicoid.
1996,
Pubmed
Robbins,
Two interdependent basic domains in nucleoplasmin nuclear targeting sequence: identification of a class of bipartite nuclear targeting sequence.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Ross,
A homeobox gene, HLXB9, is the major locus for dominantly inherited sacral agenesis.
1998,
Pubmed
Sawyer,
Avian scale development. III. Ultrastructure of the keratinizing cells of the outer and inner epidermal surfaces of the scale ridge.
1974,
Pubmed
Seitz,
Alterations in NF-kappaB function in transgenic epithelial tissue demonstrate a growth inhibitory role for NF-kappaB.
1998,
Pubmed
Shanmugam,
PBX and MEIS as non-DNA-binding partners in trimeric complexes with HOX proteins.
1999,
Pubmed
Stelnicki,
HOX homeobox genes exhibit spatial and temporal changes in expression during human skin development.
1998,
Pubmed
Tanabe,
Specification of motor neuron identity by the MNR2 homeodomain protein.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
William,
Regulation of motor neuron subtype identity by repressor activity of Mnx class homeodomain proteins.
2003,
Pubmed
Xiao,
Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of Smad1 conferred by its nuclear localization and nuclear export signals.
2001,
Pubmed
