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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
1992 Jun 01;8911:4806-10.
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Purified unitary kainate/alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisooxazole-propionate (AMPA) and kainate/AMPA/N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors with interchangeable subunits.
Henley JM
,
Ambrosini A
,
Rodriguez-Ithurralde D
,
Sudan H
,
Brackley P
,
Kerry C
,
Mellor I
,
Abutidze K
,
Usherwood PN
,
Barnard EA
.
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We have purified and characterized two vertebrate excitatory amino acid ionotropic receptors from the Xenopus central nervous system. Each is a unitary receptor (i.e., having more than one class of excitatory amino acid agonist specificity within one protein oligomer). The first is a unitary non-N-methyl-D-aspartate (non-NMDA) receptor and the second is a unitary NMDA/non-NMDA receptor. The specific agonist-activated channel activity and pharmacology of each type were recognized by patch-clamping lipid bilayers in which the isolated protein was reconstituted. In the second case, the NMDA and the non-NMDA sites could not be physically separated and exhibited functional interaction. Parallel evidence for this was obtained when poly(A) RNA from Xenopus brain was translated in oocytes: a noncompetitive inhibition of the response to L-kainate is produced by NMDA to a maximum depression of 30% at 1 mM NMDA. Each isolated oligomer contains 42-kDa subunits of the non-NMDA ligand binding type, but the second type has an additional NMDA-receptor-specific 100-kDa subunit. Thus, a subunit-exchange hypothesis can account for the known multiplicity of excitatory amino acid receptor types.
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