XB-ART-10818
Biochem J
2000 Jul 01;349Pt 1:1-12. doi: 10.1042/0264-6021:3490001.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
DNA replication and damage checkpoints and meiotic cell cycle controls in the fission and budding yeasts.
Murakami H
,
Nurse P
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
The cell cycle checkpoint mechanisms ensure the order of cell cycle events to preserve genomic integrity. Among these, the DNA-replication and DNA-damage checkpoints prevent chromosome segregation when DNA replication is inhibited or DNA is damaged. Recent studies have identified an outline of the regulatory networks for both of these controls, which apparently operate in all eukaryotes. In addition, it appears that these checkpoints have two arrest points, one is just before entry into mitosis and the other is prior to chromosome separation. The former point requires the central cell-cycle regulator Cdc2 kinase, whereas the latter involves several key regulators and substrates of the ubiquitin ligase called the anaphase promoting complex. Linkages between these cell-cycle regulators and several key checkpoint proteins are beginning to emerge. Recent findings on post-translational modifications and protein-protein interactions of the checkpoint proteins provide new insights into the checkpoint responses, although the functional significance of these biochemical properties often remains unclear. We have reviewed the molecular mechanisms acting at the DNA-replication and DNA-damage checkpoints in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and the modifications of these controls during the meiotic cell cycle. We have made comparisons with the controls in fission yeast and other organisms, mainly the distantly related budding yeast.
???displayArticle.pubmedLink??? 10861204
???displayArticle.pmcLink??? PMC1221113
???displayArticle.link??? Biochem J
Species referenced: Xenopus
Genes referenced: cdk1
References [+] :
Amon,
Regulation of p34CDC28 tyrosine phosphorylation is not required for entry into mitosis in S. cerevisiae.
1992, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Amon, Regulation of p34CDC28 tyrosine phosphorylation is not required for entry into mitosis in S. cerevisiae. 1992, Pubmed , Xenbase
Aparicio, Components and dynamics of DNA replication complexes in S. cerevisiae: redistribution of MCM proteins and Cdc45p during S phase. 1997, Pubmed
Aves, Cloning, sequencing and transcriptional control of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe cdc10 'start' gene. 1985, Pubmed
Bailis, Synaptonemal complex morphogenesis and sister-chromatid cohesion require Mek1-dependent phosphorylation of a meiotic chromosomal protein. 1998, Pubmed
Beach, ran1+ controls the transition from mitotic division to meiosis in fission yeast. 1985, Pubmed
Bell, ATP-dependent recognition of eukaryotic origins of DNA replication by a multiprotein complex. 1992, Pubmed
Bentley, The Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad3 checkpoint gene. 1996, Pubmed
Bickel, Holding chromatids together to ensure they go their separate ways. 1996, Pubmed
Bishop, DMC1: a meiosis-specific yeast homolog of E. coli recA required for recombination, synaptonemal complex formation, and cell cycle progression. 1992, Pubmed
Blasina, The role of inhibitory phosphorylation of CDC2 following DNA replication block and radiation-induced damage in human cells. 1997, Pubmed
Boddy, Replication checkpoint enforced by kinases Cds1 and Chk1. 1998, Pubmed
Booher, Properties of Saccharomyces cerevisiae wee1 and its differential regulation of p34CDC28 in response to G1 and G2 cyclins. 1993, Pubmed
Borgne, Sequential dephosphorylation of p34(cdc2) on Thr-14 and Tyr-15 at the prophase/metaphase transition. 1996, Pubmed
Bork, A superfamily of conserved domains in DNA damage-responsive cell cycle checkpoint proteins. 1997, Pubmed
Bousset, The Cdc7 protein kinase is required for origin firing during S phase. 1998, Pubmed
Brown, Cell cycle regulation of Dfp1, an activator of the Hsk1 protein kinase. 1999, Pubmed
Caligiuri, Sct1 functions in partnership with Cdc10 in a transcription complex that activates cell cycle START and inhibits differentiation. 1993, Pubmed
Callan, DNA replication in the chromosomes of eukaryotes. 1974, Pubmed , Xenbase
Cheng, Cell cycle regulation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae polo-like kinase cdc5p. 1998, Pubmed
Chikashige, Meiotic nuclear reorganization: switching the position of centromeres and telomeres in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 1997, Pubmed
Chikashige, Telomere-led premeiotic chromosome movement in fission yeast. 1994, Pubmed
Chu, Gametogenesis in yeast is regulated by a transcriptional cascade dependent on Ndt80. 1998, Pubmed
Ciosk, An ESP1/PDS1 complex regulates loss of sister chromatid cohesion at the metaphase to anaphase transition in yeast. 1998, Pubmed
Cohen-Fix, Anaphase initiation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is controlled by the APC-dependent degradation of the anaphase inhibitor Pds1p. 1996, Pubmed , Xenbase
Cohen-Fix, The anaphase inhibitor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pds1p is a target of the DNA damage checkpoint pathway. 1997, Pubmed
Coleman, The Xenopus Cdc6 protein is essential for the initiation of a single round of DNA replication in cell-free extracts. 1996, Pubmed , Xenbase
Colomina, G1 cyclins block the Ime1 pathway to make mitosis and meiosis incompatible in budding yeast. 1999, Pubmed
Cooper, Fission yeast Taz1 protein is required for meiotic telomere clustering and recombination. 1998, Pubmed
Cooper, Regulation of telomere length and function by a Myb-domain protein in fission yeast. 1997, Pubmed
D'Urso, DNA polymerase alpha, a component of the replication initiation complex, is essential for the checkpoint coupling S phase to mitosis in fission yeast. 1995, Pubmed
D'Urso, Schizosaccharomyces pombe cdc20+ encodes DNA polymerase epsilon and is required for chromosomal replication but not for the S phase checkpoint. 1997, Pubmed
Daya-Makin, Regulation of p105wee1 and p34cdc2 during meiosis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 1992, Pubmed
Ding, Global control of meiotic recombination genes by Schizosaccharomyces pombe rec16 (rep1). 1998, Pubmed
Dirick, Regulation of meiotic S phase by Ime2 and a Clb5,6-associated kinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 1998, Pubmed
Donaldson, Cdc7 is required throughout the yeast S phase to activate replication origins. 1998, Pubmed
Donaldson, The regulation of replication origin activation. 1999, Pubmed
Donovan, Cdc6p-dependent loading of Mcm proteins onto pre-replicative chromatin in budding yeast. 1997, Pubmed , Xenbase
Dutta, Initiation of DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. 1997, Pubmed
Edwards, A Rad3-Rad26 complex responds to DNA damage independently of other checkpoint proteins. 1999, Pubmed
Enoch, Mitotic checkpoint control in fission yeast. 1991, Pubmed
Enoch, Fission yeast genes involved in coupling mitosis to completion of DNA replication. 1992, Pubmed
Enoch, Mutation of fission yeast cell cycle control genes abolishes dependence of mitosis on DNA replication. 1990, Pubmed
Esashi, Cdc2 phosphorylation of Crb2 is required for reestablishing cell cycle progression after the damage checkpoint. 1999, Pubmed
Fay, Mutations in SPK1/RAD53 that specifically abolish checkpoint but not growth-related functions. 1997, Pubmed
Fisher, A single fission yeast mitotic cyclin B p34cdc2 kinase promotes both S-phase and mitosis in the absence of G1 cyclins. 1996, Pubmed
Fogarty, The Drosophila grapes gene is related to checkpoint gene chk1/rad27 and is required for late syncytial division fidelity. 1997, Pubmed
Foiani, A meiosis-specific protein kinase, Ime2, is required for the correct timing of DNA replication and for spore formation in yeast meiosis. 1996, Pubmed
Ford, 14-3-3 protein homologs required for the DNA damage checkpoint in fission yeast. 1994, Pubmed
Fox, Control of meiotic recombination in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 1998, Pubmed
Francesconi, DNA polymerase delta is required for the replication feedback control of cell cycle progression in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 1995, Pubmed
Furnari, Cdc25 inhibited in vivo and in vitro by checkpoint kinases Cds1 and Chk1. 1999, Pubmed
Furnari, Cdc25 mitotic inducer targeted by chk1 DNA damage checkpoint kinase. 1997, Pubmed
Furuno, Suppression of DNA replication via Mos function during meiotic divisions in Xenopus oocytes. 1994, Pubmed , Xenbase
Glover, Polo-like kinases: a team that plays throughout mitosis. 1998, Pubmed
Gould, Fission yeast cdc24(+) encodes a novel replication factor required for chromosome integrity. 1998, Pubmed
Grallert, The ORC1 homolog orp1 in fission yeast plays a key role in regulating onset of S phase. 1996, Pubmed
Grallert, Dissociation of meiotic and mitotic roles of the fission yeast cdc2 gene. 1990, Pubmed
Grallert, Common genes and pathways in the regulation of the mitotic and meiotic cell cycles of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 1991, Pubmed
Grandin, Differential function and expression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae B-type cyclins in mitosis and meiosis. 1993, Pubmed
Griffiths, Fission yeast rad17: a homologue of budding yeast RAD24 that shares regions of sequence similarity with DNA polymerase accessory proteins. 1995, Pubmed
Guacci, A direct link between sister chromatid cohesion and chromosome condensation revealed through the analysis of MCD1 in S. cerevisiae. 1997, Pubmed
Hayles, A pre-start checkpoint preventing mitosis in fission yeast acts independently of p34cdc2 tyrosine phosphorylation. 1995, Pubmed
Hirano, SMC-mediated chromosome mechanics: a conserved scheme from bacteria to vertebrates? 1999, Pubmed
Hiraoka, Meiotic telomeres: a matchmaker for homologous chromosomes. 1998, Pubmed
Hofmann, The FHA domain: a putative nuclear signalling domain found in protein kinases and transcription factors. 1995, Pubmed
Hofmann, cdt1 is an essential target of the Cdc10/Sct1 transcription factor: requirement for DNA replication and inhibition of mitosis. 1994, Pubmed
Hua, Identification of a preinitiation step in DNA replication that is independent of origin recognition complex and cdc6, but dependent on cdk2. 1998, Pubmed , Xenbase
Iino, The role of cdc2 and other genes in meiosis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 1995, Pubmed
Jimenez, The rad3+ gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe is involved in multiple checkpoint functions and in DNA repair. 1992, Pubmed
Jin, Nuclear localization of cyclin B1 controls mitotic entry after DNA damage. 1998, Pubmed
Jin, Role of inhibitory CDC2 phosphorylation in radiation-induced G2 arrest in human cells. 1996, Pubmed
Kelly, The fission yeast cdc18+ gene product couples S phase to START and mitosis. 1993, Pubmed
Kishimoto, Activation of MPF at meiosis reinitiation in starfish oocytes. 1999, Pubmed
Kitamura, Fission yeast Ste9, a homolog of Hct1/Cdh1 and Fizzy-related, is a novel negative regulator of cell cycle progression during G1-phase. 1998, Pubmed
Kleckner, Meiosis: how could it work? 1996, Pubmed
Klein, A central role for cohesins in sister chromatid cohesion, formation of axial elements, and recombination during yeast meiosis. 1999, Pubmed
Knudsen, p34cdc2 kinase activity is maintained upon activation of the replication checkpoint in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 1996, Pubmed
Kominami, Protein kinase activity associated with the IME2 gene product, a meiotic inducer in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 1993, Pubmed
Kondo, Role of a complex containing Rad17, Mec3, and Ddc1 in the yeast DNA damage checkpoint pathway. 1999, Pubmed
Kostrub, Hus1p, a conserved fission yeast checkpoint protein, interacts with Rad1p and is phosphorylated in response to DNA damage. 1998, Pubmed
Kumagai, The Xenopus Chk1 protein kinase mediates a caffeine-sensitive pathway of checkpoint control in cell-free extracts. 1998, Pubmed , Xenbase
Kumagai, Control of the Cdc2/cyclin B complex in Xenopus egg extracts arrested at a G2/M checkpoint with DNA synthesis inhibitors. 1995, Pubmed , Xenbase
Leatherwood, Interaction of Cdc2 and Cdc18 with a fission yeast ORC2-like protein. 1996, Pubmed
Leem, Meiotic role of SWI6 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 1998, Pubmed
Leu, The pachytene checkpoint in S. cerevisiae depends on Swe1-mediated phosphorylation of the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28. 1999, Pubmed
Lew, A cell cycle checkpoint monitors cell morphogenesis in budding yeast. 1995, Pubmed
Li, Inactivation of the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28 abrogates cell cycle arrest induced by DNA damage and disassembly of mitotic spindles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 1997, Pubmed
Li, The Schizosaccharomyces pombe rec16 gene product regulates multiple meiotic events. 1997, Pubmed
Lindsay, S-phase-specific activation of Cds1 kinase defines a subpathway of the checkpoint response in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 1998, Pubmed
Long, The Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad1 gene consists of three exons and the cDNA sequence is partially homologous to the Ustilago maydis REC1 cDNA. 1994, Pubmed
Lopez-Girona, Nuclear localization of Cdc25 is regulated by DNA damage and a 14-3-3 protein. 1999, Pubmed
Lundgren, mik1 and wee1 cooperate in the inhibitory tyrosine phosphorylation of cdc2. 1991, Pubmed
Lydall, A meiotic recombination checkpoint controlled by mitotic checkpoint genes. 1996, Pubmed
Lygerou, The fission yeast origin recognition complex is constitutively associated with chromatin and is differentially modified through the cell cycle. 1999, Pubmed
MacNeill, The fission yeast Cdc1 protein, a homologue of the small subunit of DNA polymerase delta, binds to Pol3 and Cdc27. 1996, Pubmed
Maiorano, Fission yeast cdc21, a member of the MCM protein family, is required for onset of S phase and is located in the nucleus throughout the cell cycle. 1996, Pubmed
Martin-Castellanos, B-type cyclins regulate G1 progression in fission yeast in opposition to the p25rum1 cdk inhibitor. 1996, Pubmed
Masai, hsk1+, a Schizosaccharomyces pombe gene related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae CDC7, is required for chromosomal replication. 1995, Pubmed
McMillan, Phosphorylation-independent inhibition of Cdc28p by the tyrosine kinase Swe1p in the morphogenesis checkpoint. 1999, Pubmed
Mendenhall, Regulation of Cdc28 cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity during the cell cycle of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 1998, Pubmed
Michaelis, Cohesins: chromosomal proteins that prevent premature separation of sister chromatids. 1997, Pubmed
Millar, Pyp3 PTPase acts as a mitotic inducer in fission yeast. 1992, Pubmed
Millar, The cdc25 M-phase inducer: an unconventional protein phosphatase. 1992, Pubmed
Miyamoto, res2+, a new member of the cdc10+/SWI4 family, controls the 'start' of mitotic and meiotic cycles in fission yeast. 1994, Pubmed
Molnar, The rec8 gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe is involved in linear element formation, chromosome pairing and sister-chromatid cohesion during meiosis. 1995, Pubmed
Moreno, Regulation of p34cdc2 protein kinase during mitosis. 1989, Pubmed
Morgan, Regulation of the APC and the exit from mitosis. 1999, Pubmed
Murakami, A kinase from fission yeast responsible for blocking mitosis in S phase. 1995, Pubmed
Murakami, Meiotic DNA replication checkpoint control in fission yeast. 1999, Pubmed
Muzi-Falconi, Orp1, a member of the Cdc18/Cdc6 family of S-phase regulators, is homologous to a component of the origin recognition complex. 1995, Pubmed
Naito, Circular chromosome formation in a fission yeast mutant defective in two ATM homologues. 1998, Pubmed
Nakajo, Absence of Wee1 ensures the meiotic cell cycle in Xenopus oocytes. 2000, Pubmed , Xenbase
Nakaseko, A meiotic mutant of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe that produces mature asci containing two diploid spores. 1984, Pubmed
Nakashima, Fission yeast Rep2 is a putative transcriptional activator subunit for the cell cycle 'start' function of Res2-Cdc10. 1995, Pubmed
Nasmyth, Separating sister chromatids. 1999, Pubmed
Newlon, Putting it all together: building a prereplicative complex. 1997, Pubmed , Xenbase
Nigg, Polo-like kinases: positive regulators of cell division from start to finish. 1998, Pubmed
Nimmo, Defective meiosis in telomere-silencing mutants of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 1998, Pubmed
Nishitani, The Cdt1 protein is required to license DNA for replication in fission yeast. 2000, Pubmed
Nurse, Universal control mechanism regulating onset of M-phase. 1990, Pubmed
Nurse, Checkpoint pathways come of age. 1997, Pubmed
Nurse, Genetic control of the cell division cycle in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 1976, Pubmed
Nurse, Gene required in G1 for commitment to cell cycle and in G2 for control of mitosis in fission yeast. 1981, Pubmed
Nurse, Regulatory genes controlling mitosis in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 1980, Pubmed
O'Connell, Chk1 is a wee1 kinase in the G2 DNA damage checkpoint inhibiting cdc2 by Y15 phosphorylation. 1997, Pubmed
Ohsumi, Meiosis-specific cell cycle regulation in maturing Xenopus oocytes. 1994, Pubmed , Xenbase
Okayama, Cell cycle control in fission yeast and mammals: identification of new regulatory mechanisms. 1996, Pubmed
Osmani, Cell cycle regulation in Aspergillus by two protein kinases. 1996, Pubmed
Paciotti, Mec1p is essential for phosphorylation of the yeast DNA damage checkpoint protein Ddc1p, which physically interacts with Mec3p. 1998, Pubmed
Parisi, Rec8p, a meiotic recombination and sister chromatid cohesion phosphoprotein of the Rad21p family conserved from fission yeast to humans. 1999, Pubmed
Parker, A human homologue of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad1+ checkpoint gene encodes an exonuclease. 1998, Pubmed
Parker, Identification of a human homologue of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad17+ checkpoint gene. 1998, Pubmed
Picard, Newly assembled cyclin B-cdc2 kinase is required to suppress DNA replication between meiosis I and meiosis II in starfish oocytes. 1996, Pubmed
Reynolds, A key role for replication factor C in DNA replication checkpoint function in fission yeast. 1999, Pubmed
Rhind, Tyrosine phosphorylation of cdc2 is required for the replication checkpoint in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 1998, Pubmed
Rhind, Cdc2 tyrosine phosphorylation is required for the DNA damage checkpoint in fission yeast. 1997, Pubmed
Roberts, Evolving ideas about cyclins. 1999, Pubmed
Roeder, Meiotic chromosomes: it takes two to tango. 1997, Pubmed
Romanowski, The Xenopus origin recognition complex is essential for DNA replication and MCM binding to chromatin. 1996, Pubmed , Xenbase
Rowles, Interaction between the origin recognition complex and the replication licensing system in Xenopus. 1996, Pubmed , Xenbase
Rowley, The wee1 protein kinase is required for radiation-induced mitotic delay. 1992, Pubmed
Rowley, Checkpoint controls in Schizosaccharomyces pombe: rad1. 1992, Pubmed
Russell, Conservation of mitotic controls in fission and budding yeasts. 1989, Pubmed
Sagata, What does Mos do in oocytes and somatic cells? 1997, Pubmed , Xenbase
Saka, Fission yeast cut5+, required for S phase onset and M phase restraint, is identical to the radiation-damage repair gene rad4+. 1993, Pubmed
Saka, Damage and replication checkpoint control in fission yeast is ensured by interactions of Crb2, a protein with BRCT motif, with Cut5 and Chk1. 1997, Pubmed
San-Segundo, Pch2 links chromatin silencing to meiotic checkpoint control. 1999, Pubmed
Sanchez, Control of the DNA damage checkpoint by chk1 and rad53 protein kinases through distinct mechanisms. 1999, Pubmed
Schneider, Linkage of replication to start by the Cdk inhibitor Sic1. 1996, Pubmed
Sherr, CDK inhibitors: positive and negative regulators of G1-phase progression. 1999, Pubmed
Shimada, Replication factor C3 of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, a small subunit of replication factor C complex, plays a role in both replication and damage checkpoints. 1999, Pubmed
Shimomura, Functional and physical interaction between Rad24 and Rfc5 in the yeast checkpoint pathways. 1998, Pubmed
Shuster, Pachytene arrest and other meiotic effects of the start mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 1989, Pubmed
Sia, Cdc28 tyrosine phosphorylation and the morphogenesis checkpoint in budding yeast. 1996, Pubmed
Smith, The yeast Red1 protein localizes to the cores of meiotic chromosomes. 1997, Pubmed
Sorger, S-phase feedback control in budding yeast independent of tyrosine phosphorylation of p34cdc28. 1992, Pubmed , Xenbase
Stern, A quantitative model for the cdc2 control of S phase and mitosis in fission yeast. 1996, Pubmed , Xenbase
Stern, Cyclin B proteolysis and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor rum1p are required for pheromone-induced G1 arrest in fission yeast. 1998, Pubmed
Stern, Fission yeast pheromone blocks S-phase by inhibiting the G1 cyclin B-p34cdc2 kinase. 1997, Pubmed
Stuart, CLB5 and CLB6 are required for premeiotic DNA replication and activation of the meiotic S/M checkpoint. 1998, Pubmed
Stueland, Full activation of p34CDC28 histone H1 kinase activity is unable to promote entry into mitosis in checkpoint-arrested cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 1993, Pubmed , Xenbase
Su, Activating the DNA damage checkpoint in a developmental context. 2000, Pubmed
Sugiyama, A zinc finger protein controls the onset of premeiotic DNA synthesis of fission yeast in a Mei2-independent cascade. 1994, Pubmed
Sun, Rad53 FHA domain associated with phosphorylated Rad9 in the DNA damage checkpoint. 1998, Pubmed
Swanton, Overcoming inhibitions: subversion of CKI function by viral cyclins. 1999, Pubmed
Takeda, A fission yeast gene, him1(+)/dfp1(+), encoding a regulatory subunit for Hsk1 kinase, plays essential roles in S-phase initiation as well as in S-phase checkpoint control and recovery from DNA damage. 1999, Pubmed
Tanaka, A new cdc gene required for S phase entry of Schizosaccharomyces pombe encodes a protein similar to the cdc 10+ and SWI4 gene products. 1992, Pubmed
Tanaka, Fission yeast cdc24 is a replication factor C- and proliferating cell nuclear antigen-interacting factor essential for S-phase completion. 1999, Pubmed
Tanaka, Loading of an Mcm protein onto DNA replication origins is regulated by Cdc6p and CDKs. 1997, Pubmed
Thelen, A sliding clamp model for the Rad1 family of cell cycle checkpoint proteins. 1999, Pubmed
Toyoshima, Nuclear export of cyclin B1 and its possible role in the DNA damage-induced G2 checkpoint. 1998, Pubmed
Tóth, Yeast cohesin complex requires a conserved protein, Eco1p(Ctf7), to establish cohesion between sister chromatids during DNA replication. 1999, Pubmed
Uhlmann, Sister-chromatid separation at anaphase onset is promoted by cleavage of the cohesin subunit Scc1. 1999, Pubmed
Visintin, CDC20 and CDH1: a family of substrate-specific activators of APC-dependent proteolysis. 1997, Pubmed
Walworth, Fission yeast chk1 protein kinase links the rad checkpoint pathway to cdc2. 1993, Pubmed
Waseem, Isolation and analysis of the fission yeast gene encoding polymerase delta accessory protein PCNA. 1992, Pubmed
Watanabe, Cohesin Rec8 is required for reductional chromosome segregation at meiosis. 1999, Pubmed
Watanabe, Phosphorylation of RNA-binding protein controls cell cycle switch from mitotic to meiotic in fission yeast. 1997, Pubmed
Watanabe, S. pombe mei2+ encodes an RNA-binding protein essential for premeiotic DNA synthesis and meiosis I, which cooperates with a novel RNA species meiRNA. 1994, Pubmed
Weber, A RAD9-dependent checkpoint blocks meiosis of cdc13 yeast cells. 1992, Pubmed
Weinert, DNA damage checkpoints update: getting molecular. 1998, Pubmed
Williamson, The timing of the S phase and other nuclear events in yeast meiosis. 1983, Pubmed
Willson, Isolation and characterization of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe rhp9 gene: a gene required for the DNA damage checkpoint but not the replication checkpoint. 1997, Pubmed
Xu, Meiotic cells monitor the status of the interhomolog recombination complex. 1997, Pubmed
Yamaguchi, A WD repeat protein controls the cell cycle and differentiation by negatively regulating Cdc2/B-type cyclin complexes. 1997, Pubmed
Yamamoto, The molecular control mechanisms of meiosis in fission yeast. 1996, Pubmed
Yamamoto, Pds1p, an inhibitor of anaphase in budding yeast, plays a critical role in the APC and checkpoint pathway(s). 1996, Pubmed
Yanagida, Cell cycle mechanisms of sister chromatid separation; roles of Cut1/separin and Cut2/securin. 2000, Pubmed
Ye, Two S-phase checkpoint systems, one involving the function of both BIME and Tyr15 phosphorylation of p34cdc2, inhibit NIMA and prevent premature mitosis. 1996, Pubmed
Yoshida, Initiation of meiosis and sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires a novel protein kinase homologue. 1990, Pubmed
Zeng, Replication checkpoint requires phosphorylation of the phosphatase Cdc25 by Cds1 or Chk1. 1998, Pubmed
Zeng, DNA damage and replication checkpoints in fission yeast require nuclear exclusion of the Cdc25 phosphatase via 14-3-3 binding. 1999, Pubmed
Zhu, pct1+, which encodes a new DNA-binding partner of p85cdc10, is required for meiosis in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 1994, Pubmed
Zou, Formation of a preinitiation complex by S-phase cyclin CDK-dependent loading of Cdc45p onto chromatin. 1998, Pubmed
al-Khodairy, DNA repair mutants defining G2 checkpoint pathways in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 1992, Pubmed
al-Khodairy, Identification and characterization of new elements involved in checkpoint and feedback controls in fission yeast. 1994, Pubmed