|
Figure 2. In situ hybridizations were done for ectodermally expressed genes in Xenopus laevis and X. tropicalis embryos. For all panels, X. laevis probes used on X. laevis embryos (first column) and X. tropicalis embryos (middle column) are shown. A,B:X. tropicalis probes used on X. tropicalis embryos (right column). Some X. laevis probes were found to work well on X. tropicalis embryos (A,C), whereas others worked weakly (B,D). For xag-1, otx2, and xbf-1, anterior views (dorsal side up) are shown for stage 22, late neurula, and stage 24 embryos, respectively. For zic2, xmeis3, ephA4, pax-3, xslug, xsox3, engrailed-2 (en-2), and xsoxD, dorsal views of late neurula staged embryos (anterior to the left) are shown. For neural-specific β-tubulin (n-tubulin), dorsal views of early neurula staged embryos (anterior to the left) are shown. For nrp-1, hoxB9, and krox-20, dorsal views of stage 24–25 embryos (anterior to the left) are shown. For xtwist and pax-2, lateral views are shown (anterior to the left) of stage 24 and stage 27 embryos, respectively.Download figure to PowerPoint
|
|
Figure 3. In situ hybridizations were done for mesodermally expressed genes in Xenopus laevis and X. tropicalis embryos. For all panels, X. laevis probes used on X. laevis embryos (first column) and X. tropicalis embryos (middle column) are shown. A,B: X. tropicalis probes used on X. tropicalis embryos (right column). Some X. laevis probes were found to work well on X. tropicalis embryos (A,C), whereas others worked weakly (B,D). For xvent-2, xbra, and derrière, vegetal views of midgastrula stage embryos are shown. For xvent-2, the dorsal side can be distinguished by the absence of staining and is to the right. For goosecoid, dorsal views (animal hemisphere up) of late gastrula stage embryos are shown. For sonic hedgehog (shh), dorsal views of stage 19 embryos (anterior to the left) are shown. For myoD, α-globin (globin), nkx2.5, and pax-8, lateral views (anterior to the left) of stage 24, 32, 26, and 27 embryos are shown, respectively. For hoxD10, posterior views (dorsal side up) are shown for stage 27 embryos.Download figure to PowerPoint
|
|
Figure 4. A,B: In situ hybridizations were performed for endodermally expressed genes using Xenopus laevis probes in X. laevis embryos (left column) and X. tropicalis embryos (right column). X. laevis xhex probe works well on both species (A), whereas most of the X. laevis endodermal probes tested worked poorly on X. tropicalis embryos (B). For xhex and endodermin (edd), lateral views (anterior to the left) of stage 28–29 embryos are shown. For xsox17β and vegT, vegetal views of midgastrula stage embryos are shown. For all of the X. laevis probes used in this study, a run was tried without RNase to determine which X. laevis probes could be enhanced in X. tropicalis embryos. Most probes showed no enhancement (not shown). Some showed better staining (C), whereas others showed nonspecific staining (D) when the RNase treatment was removed from the protocol. Dorsal views (anterior to the left) of stage 20 embryos are shown for krox-20 and n-tubulin. A lateral view (anterior to the left) of stage 20 embryos are shown for myoD. An anterior view (dorsal up) of a stage 20 embryo is shown for otx2.Download figure to PowerPoint
|
|
Figure 6. Xenopus tropicalis embryos were injected in the two dorsal cells at the four-cell stage with the control morpholino oligonucleotide (MO) (A), the X. tropicalis β-catenin MO (B), or the X. laevis β-catenin MO (C) and grown to stage 28. Embryos were fixed and immunostained for notochord with Tor70 antibody. All embryos are shown as lateral views (dorsal up, anterior to the left). Uninjected control embryos were also fixed and stained (data not shown) and were identical to the control in A.Download figure to PowerPoint
|
|
Figure 7. Xenopus tropicalis embryos (A–C) were injected in the two dorsal cells at the four-cell stage with the control morpholino oligonucleotide (MO; A), the X. tropicalis β-catenin MO (B), or the X. laevis β-catenin MO (C) and grown to stage 28. X. laevis embryos (D–I) were injected with the control MO (D,G), the X. tropicalis β-catenin MO (E,H), or the X. laevis β-catenin MO (F,I), and grown to stage 28. The X. laevis embryos received either a lower dose MO injection of 7.5 ng (D–F) or a higher dose MO injection of 25 ng (G–I). Embryos were fixed and immunostained for somitic muscle with 12/101 antibody. Uninjected control embryos were also fixed and stained (data not shown) and were identical to the controls in A, D, and G.Download figure to PowerPoint
|
