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XB-ART-13197
Nature 1999 Apr 01;3986726:431-6. doi: 10.1038/18899.
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A new secreted protein that binds to Wnt proteins and inhibits their activities.

Hsieh JC , Kodjabachian L , Rebbert ML , Rattner A , Smallwood PM , Samos CH , Nusse R , Dawid IB , Nathans J .


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The Wnt proteins constitute a large family of extracellular signalling molecules that are found throughout the animal kingdom and are important for a wide variety of normal and pathological developmental processes. Here we describe Wnt-inhibitory factor-1 (WIF-1), a secreted protein that binds to Wnt proteins and inhibits their activities. WIF-1 is present in fish, amphibia and mammals, and is expressed during Xenopus and zebrafish development in a complex pattern that includes paraxial presomitic mesoderm, notochord, branchial arches and neural crest derivatives. We use Xenopus embryos to show that WIF-1 overexpression affects somitogenesis (the generation of trunk mesoderm segments), in agreement with its normal expression in paraxial mesoderm. In vitro, WIF-1 binds to Drosophila Wingless and Xenopus Wnt8 produced by Drosophila S2 cells. Together with earlier results obtained with the secreted Frizzled-related proteins, our results indicate that Wnt proteins interact with structurally diverse extracellular inhibitors, presumably to fine-tune the spatial and temporal patterns of Wnt activity.

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Species referenced: Xenopus
Genes referenced: chrd frzb mt-tr myod1 npl sst.1 trna wif1 wnt8a


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