Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract??? Prolactin (PRL) is widely considered to be the juvenile hormone of anuran tadpoles and to counteract the effects of thyroid hormone (TH), the hormone that controls amphibian metamorphosis. This putative function was concluded mainly from experiments in which mammalian PRL was injected into tadpoles or added to cultured tadpole tissues. In this study, we show that overexpression of ovine or Xenopus laevis PRL in transgenic X. laevis does not prolong tadpole life, establishing that PRL does not play a role in the life cycle of amphibians that is equivalent to that of juvenile hormone in insect metamorphosis. However, overexpression of PRL produces tailed frogs by reversing specifically some but not all of the programs of tail resorption and stimulating growth of fibroblasts in the tail. Whereas TH induces muscle resorption in tails of these transgenics, the tail fibroblasts continue to proliferate resulting in a fibrotic tail that is resistant to TH.
Adams,
Cloning and nucleotide sequence of an ovine prolactin cDNA.
1989, Pubmed
Adams,
Cloning and nucleotide sequence of an ovine prolactin cDNA.
1989,
Pubmed
Bern,
Prolactin and tadpole growth.
1967,
Pubmed
Berry,
The expression pattern of thyroid hormone response genes in the tadpole tail identifies multiple resorption programs.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Buckbinder,
Expression of the Xenopus laevis prolactin and thyrotropin genes during metamorphosis.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Clemons,
Development and preliminary application of a homologous radioimmunoassay for bullfrog prolactin.
1977,
Pubmed
Clemons,
Effects of antisera to bullfrog prolactin and growth hormone on metamorphosis of Rana catesbeiana tadpoles.
1977,
Pubmed
Derby,
Thyroxine induced tail resorption in vitro as affected by anterior pituitary hormones.
1968,
Pubmed
Eddy,
Acceleration of thyroxine-induced metamorphosis by prolactin antiserum.
1975,
Pubmed
Elinson,
Novel structural elements identified during tail resorption in Xenopus laevis metamorphosis: lessons from tailed frogs.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Etkin,
Antagonism between prolactin and thyroid hormone in amphibian development.
1967,
Pubmed
Horseman,
Defective mammopoiesis, but normal hematopoiesis, in mice with a targeted disruption of the prolactin gene.
1997,
Pubmed
Huang,
Overexpression of Xenopus laevis growth hormone stimulates growth of tadpoles and frogs.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Huang,
Metamorphosis is inhibited in transgenic Xenopus laevis tadpoles that overexpress type III deiodinase.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kelly,
The growth hormone/prolactin receptor family.
1993,
Pubmed
Kroll,
Transgenic Xenopus embryos from sperm nuclear transplantations reveal FGF signaling requirements during gastrulation.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Lesueur,
Comparison of long and short forms of the prolactin receptor on prolactin-induced milk protein gene transcription.
1991,
Pubmed
Ormandy,
Null mutation of the prolactin receptor gene produces multiple reproductive defects in the mouse.
1997,
Pubmed
Shi,
Cloning and characterization of the ribosomal protein L8 gene from Xenopus laevis.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Sinha,
Effect on growth of prolactin deficiency induced in infant mice.
1982,
Pubmed
Takahashi,
Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence analysis of complementary DNA for bullfrog prolactin.
1990,
Pubmed
Tata,
Prolactin inhibits both thyroid hormone-induced morphogenesis and cell death in cultured amphibian larval tissues.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Turner,
Expression of achaete-scute homolog 3 in Xenopus embryos converts ectodermal cells to a neural fate.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Yamamoto,
Radioimmunoassay of prolactin in plasma of bullfrog tadpoles.
1982,
Pubmed
Yoshizato,
Effect of prolactin on the tadpole tail fin. I. Stimulatory effect of prolactin on the collagen synthesis of the tadpole tail fin.
1970,
Pubmed
