Hempel A , Kühl M .

Figure 1. Early cardiogenesis in mouse (upper panel) and Xenopus (lower panel). During gastrulation myocardial progenitor cells arise from the mesoderm and migrate to the ventral midline to the anterior part of the embryo. The progenitor cells form the cardiac crescent (first heart field), which already includes differentiated cardiomyocytes. The primary heart tube is formed at the ventral midline, starts to beat and undergoes looping and further morphological remodeling. Subsequently, the different cardiac chambers are formed. Cr-Ca/D-V/A-P and R-L axes are indicated. A: anterior; Ca, caudal; Cr: cranial; D: dorsal; L: left; LA: left atrium; LV: left ventricle; OFT: outflow tract; PLA: primitive left atrium; P: posterior; PRA: primitive right atrium; R: right; RA: right atrium; RV: right ventricle; V: ventral.

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