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Fig. 3. Loss of XHAPLN3 affects cardiogenesis. (A) Schema of bilateral injection experiment. Eight-cell-stage Xenopus embryos were bilaterally microinjected with 30 ng of XHAPLN3-MO. (B–M) Whole-mount in situ hybridization of Nkx2.5 and cardiac troponin I (cTnI). (B, C, J, K) Ventral views with anterior upwards. (D, E) Ventral views with anterior toward the left. (F, G) Lateral views with anterior toward the left and dorsal upwards. (H, I, L, M) Transverse sections of panels F, G, J, K embryos taken at respective positions of red lines. Dorsal upwards. Asterisk indicates archenteron. Scale bars in panels “B–G, J, K” and “H, I, L, M” indicate 0.5 mm and 0.1 mm, respectively. The number of photo-presenting phenotype per total number of injected embryos is indicated at upper right of each panel. |
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Fig. 6. Loss of Xhas2 affects cardiogenesis. Eight-cell-stage Xenopus embryos were bilaterally microinjected with 40 ng of Xhas2-MO. Whole-mount in situ hybridization of Nkx2.5 and cardiac troponin I (cTnI). (A, B, I, J) Ventral views with anterior upwards. (C, D) Ventral views with anterior toward the left. (E, F) Lateral views with anterior toward the left and dorsal upwards. (G, H, K, L) Transverse sections of panels E, F, I, J embryos taken at respective positions of red lines. Dorsal upwards. Asterisk indicates archenteron. Scale bars in panels “A–F, I, J” and “G, H, K, L” indicate 0.5 mm and 0.1 mm, respectively. The number of photo-presenting phenotype per total number of injected embryos is indicated at the upper right of each panel. |
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Supplementary Fig. 1.
Classification of cardiac defects induced by MO experiments. Throughout this manuscript, the heart phenotype (arrowhead) at stage 42 was described as follows: “normal size” constitutes both wild-type heart (A) and deformed heart of the same size as wild-type heart (B). These hearts are beating and express cardiac troponin I; “small size” constitutes small heart compared with wild-type heart (C). These hearts are beating, expresses cardiac troponin I, and compartmentalization (atrium or ventricle formation) is not obvious;“loss” constitutes no visible heart tissue (D), with no beating, cardiac troponin I expression, or heart structure in sections observed (See Fig. 3M). |
