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Fig. 7. SNX27 knockdown impairs morphogenetic movements in Xenopus embryos.
A, in situ hybridization with SNX27 antisense digoxygenin-labeled riboprobe revealed expression in early gastrula mesoderm (st. 10.5) and neural plate (st. 18). The st. 10.5 embryo on the right was bisected following staining to reveal expression in the internal mesodermal mantle (arrow). The st. 18 embryo is shown in front view (left) and dorsal view (right). Sense probe did not produce any signal. B, embryos were injected in dorsal blastomeres at 4- to 8-cell stage with SNX27 or Vangl2 morpholino-oligonucleotides (MOs) and stained for the neural marker Sox2 at the tailbud stage. Embryos representative of the three classes observed are shown. Class 1 embryos are wild-type, class 2 embryos display anterior neural tube opening (arrow), and class 3 embryos exhibit severe neural tube opening and a kinked body typical of deficient convergent extension. C, graph showing the phenotypic distribution of embryos injected with increasing amounts of SNX27 MOs. D, graph showing the synergistic effect of Vangl2 and SNX27 MOs. |
