|
Display additional annotations [+]
Gene |
Clone |
Species |
Stages |
Anatomy |
nkx2-1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 32
to
NF stage 35 and 36
|
brain
,
forebrain
,
endoderm
,
pharyngeal arch
,
eye
,
[+]
|
sftpc
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 42
|
lung
,
lung primordium
|
wnt2b
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 33 and 34
|
otic vesicle
,
pharyngeal arch
,
pineal gland
,
lens placode
,
lateral plate mesoderm
|
aldh1a2
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 33 and 34
to
NF stage 35 and 36
|
otic vesicle
,
lens
,
brain
,
midbrain
,
hindbrain
,
[+]
|
|
|
Fig. 5. Osr1/Osr2 act upstream of Wnt-mediated pulmonary specification and RA-regulated lung bud growth. (A-G) Osr1/Osr2-MO- and MM-MO-injected embryos were treated at stages 25-35 with DMSO vehicle, 10 μM BIO or 1 μM all-trans-retinoic acid (RA), and analyzed for nkx2.1, sox2, wnt2b and raldh2 at stage 35 (A-F) and sftpc at stage 42 (dorsal view) (G). Black arrows indicate normal expression, red arrows show absent expression, green arrows and lines indicate expanded expression and white arrows indicate rescued expression. |
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Display additional annotations [+]
Gene |
Clone |
Species |
Stages |
Anatomy |
foxf1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 33 and 34
to
NF stage 35 and 36
|
head region
,
pharyngeal arch
,
lateral plate mesoderm
,
anterior dorsal lateral plate region
,
olfactory region
|
nkx2-1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 33 and 34
to
NF stage 35 and 36
|
brain
,
forebrain
,
endoderm
,
trachea
,
lung
,
[+]
|
shh
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 33 and 34
to
NF stage 35 and 36
|
endoderm
,
pharyngeal arch
,
mandibular arch
,
hyoid arch
,
branchial arch
,
[+]
|
wnt2b
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 33 and 34
to
NF stage 35 and 36
|
otic vesicle
,
pharyngeal arch
,
pineal gland
,
lens placode
,
lateral plate mesoderm
|
aldh1a2
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 33 and 34
to
NF stage 35 and 36
|
otic vesicle
,
lens
,
brain
,
midbrain
,
hindbrain
,
[+]
|
|
|
Fig. 3. Osr1/Osr2 are required for wnt2b and raldh2 expression in the lpm. (A-X) Analysis of stage 34/35 unilateral-injected embryos shows that Osr1/Osr2 are required for expression of nkx2.1 (A-C) and sox2 (D-F) in the epithelium, whereas shh (G-I) is unaffected. In the lpm, wnt2b (J-L) and raldh2 (M-O) are absent, while foxf1 is unaffected (P-R). Black arrows indicate normal expression on the control side and red arrows indicate lack of expression on the Osr1/Osr2-MO-injected side (right). Endoderm outlined by a yellow line. Numbers of embryos with the shown phenotype are indicated. fg, foregut; hg, hindgut; de, dorsal endoderm; pe, posterior endoderm; e, esophagus; l/t, presumptive lung and trachea; lv, liver; lpm, lateral plate mesoderm; k, kidney; s, stomach. |
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Display additional annotations [+]
Gene |
Clone |
Species |
Stages |
Anatomy |
osr2
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 33 and 34
to
NF stage 35 and 36
|
head region
,
pronephric duct
,
endoderm
,
foregut
,
lateral plate mesoderm
,
[+]
|
nkx2-1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 28
to
NF stage 32
|
brain
,
forebrain
,
midbrain
,
hindbrain
,
endoderm
,
[+]
|
nkx2-1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 35 and 36
|
brain
,
endoderm
,
eye
,
thyroid primordium
,
lung primordium
|
wnt2b
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 33 and 34
to
NF stage 35 and 36
|
otic vesicle
,
pharyngeal arch
,
pineal gland
,
lens placode
,
lateral plate mesoderm
|
oxsr1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 33 and 34
to
NF stage 35 and 36
|
brain
,
pronephric duct
,
endoderm
,
eye
,
foregut
,
[+]
|
aldh1a2
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 33 and 34
to
NF stage 35 and 36
|
otic vesicle
,
lens
,
brain
,
midbrain
,
hindbrain
,
[+]
|
|
|
Fig. 4. FGF, Wnt/β-catenin and RA signaling regulate Xenopus lung development in a pathway with Osr1/Osr2. (A-D) Embryos were treated from stages 25-35 with DMSO vehicle (A), 100 μM PD173074 (B), 50 μM XAV939 (C) or 10 μM BMS493 (D), and assayed at stage 35 with the indicated probes. (E). Embryos were treated between stages 28 and 35 with vehicle (DMSO), 10 μM BIO, 80 μM SU5402, a combination of 80 μM SU5402 + 10 μM BIO, 10 μg/ml cycloheximide (CHX) or CHX +10 μM BIO, and analyzed for nkx2.1 at stage 35 and sftpc at stage 40. Black arrows indicate normal expression, red arrows indicate absent expression, yellow arrows indicate reduced expression and green arrows indicate expanded or rescued expression. |
|
|
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sox2 (SRY-box 2) gene expression in Xenopus laevis embryo, assayed via in situ hybridization, NF stage 34/35, lateral view, anterior left, dorsal up.
|
|
Display additional annotations [+]
Gene |
Clone |
Species |
Stages |
Anatomy |
hand1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 35 and 36
|
heart
,
lateral plate mesoderm
,
head
,
pharyngeal region
|
bmp4
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 35 and 36
|
brain
,
heart
,
pharyngeal arch
,
eye
,
lateral plate mesoderm
,
[+]
|
msx1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 35 and 36
|
lens
,
brain
,
spinal cord
,
epidermis
,
cement gland
,
[+]
|
sftpc
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 42
|
lung
|
wnt2b
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 35 and 36
|
otic vesicle
,
lens
,
brain
,
pharyngeal arch
,
pineal gland
,
[+]
|
|
|
Fig. 6. Osr1/Osr2 promotes lung specification and growth by restricting BMP signaling. (A). Analysis of Osr1/Osr2-MO and control MM-MO stage 35 embryos indicated that expression of bmp4 and BMP-target genes msx1 and hand1 are expanded into the ‘wnt2b-domain’ of the lpm on the Osr1/Osr2-depleted side. Black arrows indicate normal expression, red arrows indicate absent expression and green arrows indicate enhanced expression. (B) Confocal immunostaining of stage 35 embryos for phospho-Smad1/5/8 (green) and fibronectin (red). Scale bars: 50 μm. White arrows in B indicate ectopic pSMAD1 expression in dorsal foregut endoderm. (C) Analysis of nxk2.1, sox2, wnt2b and raldh2 at stage 35 or sftpc at stage 41 in embryos injected with Osr1/Osr2-MOs or MM-MOs and treated at stages 25-35 with either DMSO (vehicle control) or 10 μM LDN193189. Insets show ventral views of wnt2b expression. For analysis of sftpc expression at stage 41, embryos were removed from the LDN193189 at stage 35 and further cultured in DMSO vehicle until stage 41. Black arrows indicate normal expression, red arrows indicate absent expression, green arrows indicate expanded expression and white arrows indicate rescued expression. |
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Confocal immunoflurescence of Sox2 AB1(red) staining stomach and esophagus and Nkx2-1 AB1 (green) staining trachea and lung buds/lung primordia, in a NF stage 42 X. laevis embryo. |