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Display additional annotations [+]
Gene |
Clone |
Species |
Stages |
Anatomy |
sema4d
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 16
to
NF stage 19
|
notochord
|
sema4d
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 23
to
NF stage 27
|
notochord
|
sema4d
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 28
to
NF stage 32
|
notochord
|
sema4c
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 11
to
NF stage 12
|
involuted dorsal mesoderm
,
axial mesoderm
|
sema4c
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 14
to
NF stage 15
|
neural tube
,
preplacodal ectoderm
|
sema4c
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 16
to
NF stage 19
|
neural crest
,
cranial neural crest
|
sema4c
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 23
to
NF stage 27
|
anterior branchial crest
,
posterior branchial crest
|
sema4c
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 28
to
NF stage 32
|
head region
,
cardinal vein
,
cardiac mesoderm
,
aortic arch
|
sema4b
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 14
to
NF stage 15
|
presomitic mesoderm
|
sema4b
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 16
to
NF stage 19
|
cement gland primordium
,
presomitic mesoderm
|
sema4b
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 23
to
NF stage 27
|
otic vesicle
,
cement gland primordium
,
pronephric mesenchyme
,
lateral plate mesoderm
,
anterior dorsal lateral plate region
,
[+]
|
sema4b
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 28
to
NF stage 32
|
otic vesicle
,
cement gland primordium
,
lateral plate mesoderm
,
anterior dorsal lateral plate region
,
posterior
,
[+]
|
sema4a
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 16
to
NF stage 19
|
cement gland primordium
,
anterior neural fold
,
neural fold
|
sema4a
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 23
to
NF stage 27
|
cement gland primordium
|
sema4a
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 28
to
NF stage 32
|
cement gland
,
neural tube
|
|
|
Figure 3. Expression of class-4 semaphorins in Xenopus laevis. ba, branchial arches; cg, cement gland; e, eye; h, heart; m, somitogenic mesoderm; nt, neural tube; no, notochord; p, pronephros; pcv, posterior cardial vein; pnc, premigratory neural crest cells. |
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Display additional annotations [+]
Gene |
Clone |
Species |
Stages |
Anatomy |
twist1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 28
|
mandibular crest
,
hyoid crest
,
neural crest
,
cranial neural crest
,
anterior branchial crest
,
[+]
|
sema3d
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 29 and 30
|
otic vesicle
,
midbrain-hindbrain boundary
,
neural crest
,
posterior neural tube
,
cranial placode
,
[+]
|
egr2
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 28
|
cranial neural crest
,
rhombomere
,
rhombomere R3
,
rhombomere R5
,
posterior branchial crest
|
sema4c
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 28
|
cement gland
,
neural crest
,
otic placode
,
cranial neural crest
,
anterior branchial crest
,
[+]
|
sema4b
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 25
|
cement gland
,
neural crest
,
otic placode
,
pronephric mesenchyme
|
sema3fl
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 28
|
midbrain-hindbrain boundary
,
cranial placode
,
cranial neural crest
,
rhombomere
,
rhombomere R3
,
[+]
|
sema5b
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 32
|
brain
,
midbrain
,
hindbrain
,
neural crest
,
eye
,
[+]
|
sema3a
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 25
|
diencephalon
,
midbrain-hindbrain boundary
,
mandibular crest
,
neural crest
,
somite
,
[+]
|
sema3a
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 29 and 30
|
diencephalon
,
anterior dorsal lateral plate region
|
sema3a
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 32
|
diencephalon
,
midbrain-hindbrain boundary
,
mandibular crest
,
somite
,
lateral plate mesoderm
,
[+]
|
sema6d
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 29 and 30
|
otic placode
,
cranial neural crest
,
neural tube
|
sema6a
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 28
|
otic vesicle
,
midbrain-hindbrain boundary
,
optic vesicle
,
lateral plate mesoderm
,
anterior dorsal lateral plate region
|
sema3c
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 28
|
forebrain
,
neural crest
,
otic placode
,
cranial placode
,
cranial neural crest
|
sema4a
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 29 and 30
|
neural crest
,
cranial placode
,
periocular region
|
sema6b
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 32
|
otic vesicle
,
spinal cord
,
neural crest
,
cardiac neural crest
|
|
|
Figure 7. Semaphorins are expressed in close proximity to migrating cranial neural crest cells. In situ hybridization of tadpole-stage embryos; enlargements of the head are shown. Red arrows indicate migrating neural crest cells, white arrows indicate neurogenic placodes. A: Sema3A expression. Staining in the midbrain hindbrain boundary was confirmed by double in situ hybridization with engrailed (data not shown). B: Sema3C expression. C: Sema3D expression. D: Sema3F expression. Double in situ hybridization using Krox20 or engrailed antisense probes was used to confirm staining in the rhombomeres or the midbrain hindbrain boundary, respectively (data not shown and Q). E: Sema4A expression. F: Sema4B expression. G: Sema4C expression. H: Sema4G expression. I: Sema5B expression. K: Sema6A expression. L: Sema6B expression. M: Sema6D expression. N: Sema3A expression at early tadpole stage. O: Double in situ hybridization using a Sema3A (blue) and a twist (red) antisense probe at tadpole stage. Sema3A expression is localized posterior to the migrating twist-expressing neural crest cells (black arrow). P: For comparison twist expression at tadpole stage is shown. Q: Double in situ hybridization showing Sema3F (blue) expression adjacent to the anterior portion of the migrating Krox20-expressing (red) neural crest cells (black arrow). cg, cement gland; e, eye; mh, midbrain hindbrain boundary; op, otic placode; r3, rhombomere 3; r5, rhombomere 5. |