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Display additional annotations [+]
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Figure 2. Downregulation of transcription factor candidate target genes after knockdown of EBF2 and EBF3. One cell of two-cell stage embryos was injected with either control MO, both EBF2 MO and EBF3 MO (2MO + 3MO), or dominant negative Xenopus EBF3 (DN-XEBF) mRNA. β-Galactosidase (β-gal) mRNA was co-injected as a marker of the injected side. In all panels the right side is the injected side, showing the light blue color of X-gal staining. (A-C) The expression of sox2 was not changed in all three conditions. (D-O) The expression of nscl-1 (E,F), neurod (H,I), aml1 (K,L), and emx1 (N,O) is downregulated by EBF2 MO and EBF3 MO, and by DN-XEBF (brackets), while control MO does not change their expression levels (D,G,J,M). Panels (A-L) show dorsal views of neurula stage embryos (stage 15/16), and (M-O) are anterior views of tail bud stage embryos (stages 25 to 28). |
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Display additional annotations [+]
Gene |
Clone |
Species |
Stages |
Anatomy |
nhlh1
|
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laevis
|
NF stage 15
|
trigeminal placode
,
Rohon-Beard neuron
,
neuron
|
nhlh1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 23
|
olfactory placode
,
trigeminal placode
,
posterior neural tube
,
profundal placode
|
nhlh1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 28
|
hindbrain
,
spinal cord
,
lateral line placode
,
trigeminal nerve
,
olfactory bulb
|
emx1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 15
|
anterior neural fold
|
emx1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 23
|
olfactory placode
,
pronephric mesenchyme
|
emx1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 28
|
pronephric duct
,
pronephric mesenchyme
,
olfactory bulb
|
ebf3
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 15
|
olfactory placode
,
trigeminal placode
,
Rohon-Beard neuron
,
neuron
|
ebf3
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 23
|
olfactory placode
,
trigeminal placode
,
posterior cardinal vein
,
posterior neural tube
,
cranial neural crest
,
[+]
|
ebf3
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 28
|
otic vesicle
,
brain
,
forebrain
,
midbrain
,
hindbrain
,
[+]
spinal cord
,
pharyngeal arch
,
mandibular arch
,
hyoid arch
,
branchial arch
,
posterior cardinal vein
,
profundus ganglion
,
trigeminal ganglion
,
lateral line placode
,
intersomitic region
,
olfactory bulb
|
neurod1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 15
|
trigeminal placode
,
Rohon-Beard neuron
,
neuron
|
neurod1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 23
|
olfactory placode
,
trigeminal placode
,
posterior neural tube
,
profundal placode
|
neurod1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 28
|
diencephalon
,
midbrain
,
spinal cord
,
eye
,
profundus ganglion
,
[+]
|
ebf2
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 15
|
olfactory placode
,
trigeminal placode
,
Rohon-Beard neuron
,
neuron
,
chordal neural plate border
|
ebf2
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 23
|
olfactory placode
,
hindbrain
,
spinal cord
,
trigeminal placode
,
posterior cardinal vein
,
[+]
|
ebf2
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 28
|
forebrain
,
midbrain
,
hindbrain
,
spinal cord
,
mandibular crest
,
[+]
|
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Figure 4. Neuronal expression for ebf genes and transcription factor candidate target genes. (A-F) ebf2 (A-C) and ebf3 (D-F) are expressed in multiple regions of the developing nervous system, including the trigeminal placodes (yellow arrows), olfactory placodes (black arrows), some domains in the brain, the spinal cord (white arrows), and neural crest derivatives like the branchial arches. (G-L) nscl-1 (G-I) and neurod (J-L) are expressed in the trigeminal placodes and three stripes of primary neurons in the neural plate (black arrowheads) at stage 15, and are strongly expressed in the trigeminal placodes, olfactory placodes, and spinal cord at stage 23. At stage 28, nscl-1 is expressed in the olfactory placodes, some domains in the midbrain/hindbrain, spinal cord and cranial ganglia IX and X. At stage 28, neurod is expressed in the olfactory placodes, retina, otic placodes, cranial ganglia, spinal cord and some domains in the brain. (M-O) aml1 is expressed in the lateral primary neuron stripe at stage 15, sensory neurons of the spinal cord (white arrowheads) at stage 23, and the olfactory placodes and otic placodes at stage 28. (P-R) emx1 is weakly expressed in the prospective forebrain region at stage 15. At stages 23 and 28, this gene is expressed in the dorsal forebrain region. Stage 15 embryos show dorsal views except (P) (anterior view). Stage 23 and 28 embryos show lateral views. |