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Experiment details for pax6

Retinol binding protein 1 affects Xenopus anterior neural development via all-trans retinoic acid signaling.

Retinol binding protein 1 affects Xenopus anterior neural development via all-trans retinoic acid signaling.

Gene Clone Species Stages Anatomy
pax6.L laevis NF stage 13 pre-chordal neural plate , chordal neural plate , eye primordium , lens placode , neural plate , [+]
pax6.L laevis NF stage 23 brain , forebrain , diencephalon , eye , optic vesicle , [+]

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  Figure 4. Retinol binding protein 1 knockdown results in reduced marker gene expression during eye and brain development. A, Reduced expression of the eye-specific marker genes rax and pax6 was observed at stage 13 by whole mount in situ hybridization after injection of retinol binding protein 1 (Rbp1; black arrowheads) but not control morpholino oligonucleotide (MO). In contrast, the pan- neural marker gene sox3 was not affected. A statistical evaluation is provided. B, Depletion of Rbp1 led to reduced expression of the eye marker genes rax and pax6 (black arrowheads) at stage 23. Control MO-injected and uninjected sides showed normal marker gene expression. Anterior views are shown. A statistical evaluation is given. C, Rbp1 knockdown led to reduced expression of rax at stage 24 in the ventral part of the forebrain (turquoise arrowhead). A statistical evaluation is given. D, At stage 36, expression of rax was reduced in the pineal gland upon bilateral Rbp1 MO injection (blue arrowhead) and is represented statistically. Abbreviations: inj., injected; MO, morpholino oligonucleotide; N, number of evaluated embryos in total; n, number of independent experiments; n.s., not significant; Rbp1, retinol binding protein 1; uninj., uninjected. Statistics: Error bars represent SEM; *P ≤ .05. P values were calculated by a nonparametric, one-tailed Mann-Whitney rank sum test

Gene Clone Species Stages Anatomy
pax6.L laevis NF stage 42 retina , eye , cornea , retinal ganglion cell layer , amacrine cell , [+]

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  Figure 3. Loss of retinol binding protein 1 leads to disordered retinal layers. Transversal sections of retinol binding protein 1 (Rbp1)- or control morpholino oligonucleotide (MO)-injected embryos at stage 42. Rbp1 knockdown led to deformed and disorganized retinal layers, including rosette-like structures (close-up views) and altered retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE; red arrowheads), as shown by marker gene expression. Four of the 9 embryos showing rho expression (photoreceptor cells), 4 of the 7 embryos showing prox1 expression (horizontal cells), 5 of the 7 embryos showing vsx1 expression (bipolar cells), 6 of the 10 embryos showing pax6 expression (amacrine and ganglion cells) and 2 of the 4 embryos showing pou4f1 expression (ganglion cells) had an altered phenotype, as depicted. In contrast, the uninjected side of the embryos showed no changes of retinal lamination. Scale bar: 100 μm. Abbreviation: MO, morpholino oligonucleotide