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Figure 1. PKC Regulates LR Development during Early Gastrulation early gastrula stage during which a cPKC is required for (A) Percentage of reversed heart looping in embryos injected with cell-permeable PKC inhibitors into the blastocoel of stage 10.5 embryos. Myristoylated peptides ( , , ) block translocation and function of conventional (cPKCs), novel (nPKCs), or atypical (aPKCs) PKCs, respectively. (B) Percentage of reversed heart looping in embryos injected with the myristoylated peptide that blocks cPKCs. The blastocoel was injected at several stages ranging from blastula to late gastrula. (C) Percentage of reversed heart looping in embryos injected with mRNA encoding dominant-negative (dn) PKC constructs for each of the cPKCs ( , , or ). n 100 for each injection. (D) Representative in situ hybridizations of Xnr1 in the lateral plate mesoderm illustrating the most prevalent expression classes: uninjected embryos display Xnr1 expression on the left, and myristoylated peptide injected embryos display bilateral Xnr1 expression. Panels are dorsal views with anterior to the left. |
