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Figure 4. DS-epi1 regulates gene markers of the neural plate border and cranial neural crest. Whole-mount in situ hybridization of early neurula embryos in an anterior view. The injected side is marked with a star.
(A-F) A single animal injection of Dse-MO causes expansion of Pax3 and Msx1 expression at the neural plate border (arrows). The Dse-5MM-MO has no effect. (G-T) Dse-MO has no significant effect on Sox9; however, it triggers a reduction in Foxd3 and Twist expression, as well as an expansion of c-Myc expression (arrows). Normal Twist and c-Myc expression is restored by the co-injection of Dse-MO and 250 pg Dse* mRNA. nlacZ mRNA was injected as a lineage tracer (red nuclei).
Indicated phenotypes are shown as follows: A, 37/42; B, 32/38; D, 26/30; E, 30/31; G, 35/37; H, 58/63; J, 30/30; K, 26/36; M, 13/20; N, 48/61; O, 16/27; Q, 90/90; R, 77/89; and S, 15/26. Statistical significance was determined using Fisher’s exact test and two-tailed P
values, ****, p<0.0001. |
