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Display additional annotations [+]
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Fig. S1. Developmental expression of Tmod and Lmod family proteins at the
neurula stage prior to skeletal muscle assembly. Tmod (B-D) and Lmod (E-H)
family gene expression was analyzed using in situ hybridization. All embryos are
positioned with heads to the left. Expression patterns were analyzed at the neurula
stage (st15), before the onset of myofibrillogenesis. Expression of the striated muscle
marker, cardiac actin, actna1 (A) was used to indicate skeletal muscle tissue in the
embryo. Arrows indicate developing skeletal muscle in the somites. Only lmod3 (D) and
tmod4 (H) are expressed at high levels in developing skeletal muscle. |
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actc1 (actin, alpha, cardiac muscle 1) gene expression in Xenopus laevis embryo, assayed via in situ hybridization, NF stage 15, lateral view, anterior left, dorsal up. |
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Display additional annotations [+]
Gene |
Clone |
Species |
Stages |
Anatomy |
tmod2
|
|
tropicalis
|
NF stage 29 and 30
|
|
tmod3
|
|
tropicalis
|
NF stage 29 and 30
|
|
tmod1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 29 and 30
|
somite
,
heart
,
muscle
,
epaxial muscle
|
lmod1
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 29 and 30
|
somite
,
heart
|
lmod2
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 29 and 30
|
heart
|
lmod3
|
|
laevis
|
NF stage 29 and 30
|
somite
,
muscle
,
skeletal muscle
,
epaxial muscle
|
tmod4
|
|
tropicalis
|
NF stage 29 and 30
|
somite
,
muscle
,
skeletal muscle
,
epaxial muscle
|
|
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Fig. 1. Structure and developmental expression of the
leiomodin (Lmod) and tropomodulin (Tmod) gene families.
(A) leiomodin (Lmod1–3) and tropomodulin (Tmod1–4) proteins are
structurally related, yet possess unique domains. Lmods and Tmods
share actin-binding (A1, A2), tropomyosin-binding (TM1) and
leucine-rich-repeat (LRR) domains. A second tropomyosin-binding
domain (TM2) is unique to the Tmods. Lmod proteins have a Cterminal
extension that contains a third actin binding/WH2 domain
(WH2/A3). (B–I) Lmod (C–E) and Tmod (F–I) family gene expression
was analyzed during Xenopus embryonic development using in situ
hybridization. All embryos are positioned with heads to the left.
Expression patterns are shown at the early tailbud stage (st30),
during the early stages of myofibrillogenesis. Earlier expression
during the neurula stage (st15) is presented in supplementary
material Fig. S1. Expression of the definitive striated muscle marker
cardiac actin, actna1 (B), was used to indicate cardiac and skeletal
muscle tissue in the embryo. Arrows indicate developing skeletal
muscle and heart tissues. Only lmod3 (E) and tmod4 (I) are
expressed at high levels in developing skeletal muscle. |
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actc1 (actin, alpha, cardiac muscle 1) gene expression in Xenopus laevis embryo, assayed via in situ hybridization, NF stage 34, lateral view, anterior left, dorsal up.
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